The position of humankind in the Kant's philosophy of history and its role in establishment of representative democracy ruling

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD student in Political Science, Azad University, Tehran.

2 faculty of divinity. political science and law,science and research branch.tehran. iran

3 Department of Iran, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran-Iran

Abstract

Subject and background: Following to their inquiry into the history of philosophy with a lot of vicissitudes, philosophers and scholars are almost unanimous over this point that the world has witnessed three great philosophers in the west countries since the start point of the history. These philosophers are Plato, Aristotle and Kant. It has been frequently discussed about Plato and Aristotle and their political and non-political doctrines so that these two philosophers are well-known even among all the people today. Inter alia, despite existing unique richness and impact of Kant and his political philosophy on subsequent philosophers and even use of them in codification of international documents, this issue has been overlooked for several reasons. One of foremost Kant’s paradigms that have highly influenced in formation of governments in the west is type of human’s approach toward the government and the present paper has been written for familiarity with this doctrine.

Methodology: This study is an applied research in terms of objective and descriptive in terms of method (content analysis).

Findings: Taking human’s position into consideration, Kant argues that the government should be formed and founded on primary principles e.g. freedom, independence and equality of humans and the republic is the only legitimate government. Law and freedom as a natural right are coordinated with each other only at this type of government.

Conclusions: Political power should be reflected by public will and this is possible only in the republic system.

Keywords

Political Sociology of Iran
Volume 3, Issue 4 - Serial Number 12
February 2021
Pages 1637-1657

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