Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
PhD Student, Department of Philosophy and Religions, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Tehran Markaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Wadi Philosophy, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3
اAssistant Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Wisdom, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch Markazi, Tehran, Iran
10.30510/psi.2022.333947.3255
Abstract
Philosophers before Aristotle believed in a kind of primacy and non-creation of the universe. Aristotle, believing in the primordiality of the categories of motion, time, and matter, considers the main components of the universe and rules that the universe is primordial and non-creature. It is in this sense that Aristotle's God, as the actual cause of the universe, is only the stimulus of the universe and is not considered its existence. In the Abrahamic religions, including Islam, the creation of God is taken for granted. Hence, Ibn Sina distances himself from Aristotle in the matter of the creation of the universe. In fact, the Sinaitic image of the universe and God and the relationship between the two are different from the image presented by Aristotle. Ibn Sina, by dividing the occurrence into essence and time, claims that the eternity of the universe in terms of time does not require that the universe is not a creation of God. In this sense, according to God, God is the active cause of the universe; It is not only a stimulus, but it is also considered to be the giver of existence to the universe. Augustine is a philosopher whose thought is primarily based on the question of the "relationship of the human soul with God" and his book "Confessions",Hence, one cannot expect him to study the issues of the material world and to observe dry and specific philosophical issues.
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