The Desirable Model of Online and Non-Online Electronic Media Civil Liability

Nowadays, electronic media, such as news agencies and non-online media such as data carriers, has replaced print media (press), and the challenges that have plagued recent media civil responsibility have also shifted to these emerging media. In this research, while discussing the basics, pillars and sources of civil liability of online and non-online electronic media and addressing the issues and ways of compensation of these types of media, several important challenges are posed. First, because of the lack of a legal system for such media, the legal bases for print media are also generalized to the media, so the shortcomings seem to persist. Additionally, the Iranian judiciary is not very much experienced in the matter of the material and intellectual rights compensations of these online and non-online electronic media. Another challenge is about the assignment of responsibility in online and offline electronic media, with respect to the ambiguity in the responsibility of the magazine owner and predicting the responsibilities for the non-managing editors. Also in this context, "Blame" and "Presumption of Blame" as the desirable basis for the liability of online and non-online electronic media, and "Job Blame" and "Professional Liability" as one of the specific faces of blame are mentioned.