Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
PhD Student, Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Iran.
3
Associate Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Iran.
10.30510/psi.2022.301285.2185
Abstract
The defeat of the Iranian army in the war with the Russian forces during the reign of Fath Ali Shah made clear the need for a regular and modern army in Iran. Although steps were taken to reform the army and armed forces through statesmen such as Abbas Mirza, Ghaem Magham Farahani, Amir Kabir, and Hussein Khan Sepahsalar, and the Dar al-Fonun, which was instrumental in forming a new army, was limited. World War I and the occupation of parts of Iran by Russia, Britain, and the Ottomans made the need for reform and the formation of a regular army even more apparent. Eventually, Reza Khan ordered the formation of a united army, abolished the words gendarme and Kazakh, formed a joint headquarters, and in the army council, divided the country into five military districts and assigned a division to each district. Weapons and ammunition factories were established. But in September 1320. With the attack of the Allied forces, the Iranian army collapsed and Reza Shah withdrew. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure and organization of the Iranian army during the Pahlavi era. The method used in the study was library method and analytical method. The results of studies show that in the late Pahlavi period and especially after the coup d'état of 28 August, convulsions and disorder increased in Iranian army units, divisions between non-commissioned officers and officers caused the military to lose their discipline and as a result the system The Iranian army collapsed.
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