The cause of the fall of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi from the perspective of political sociology; Emphasizing the view of elitism

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

10.30510/psi.2022.298028.2077

Abstract

After Mohammad Reza Pahlavi came to power, extensive efforts were made to develop and modernize the country; But in this way, many groups and strata were opposed to the Shah's policies. Therefore, in order to achieve his goals, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi suppressed and marginalized the opposition groups through the coup d'etat of August 28, 1943. After the coup, the military assumed a large and exclusive role in the political structure and the imperial cabinet in order to achieve the great goals and civilization that Mohammad Reza Pahlavi sought. The question here is that given the development in the economic, social, military fields, why did different people and groups oppose the policies of the Shah and finally the revolution? The findings of the study indicate that the reason for the formation of these oppositions and ultimately the revolution, the dissatisfaction of people and various groups with the Shah's rule and authoritarianism, the lack of proper implementation of elites in the political structure and failure to delegate social and political responsibilities to Other elite groups. In this article, he uses the theory of elitism and explanatory and causal methods to understand the causes of dissatisfaction among other elite groups and the purpose of this study is to show the lack of proper replacement of elite groups in the political structure and ultimately the internal crisis and the fall of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

Keywords

Political Sociology of Iran
Volume 5, Issue 12
February 2023
Pages 1939-1995

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