Developments in Anti-Corruption Penal Code: An Apparent Victory or a Real Failure? A brief look at the role of NGOs in Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Public and International Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Public and International Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author)

3 Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

4 .Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

NGOs in Afghanistan, 2 organizations in Iran and 1 organization in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan through budget transparency, transparency of representatives' performance and demand for free flow of information; They fight corruption. This study, with a brief look at the NGOs of the studied countries, examined the developments of anti-corruption criminal laws.Despite legal documentation and legal capacity, however, NGOs active in the field of transparency and anti-corruption have been active in four evaluated criteria; But this activity is not significant in the first place, and secondly, it does not follow a transparency index or a codified anti-corruption program. In order to play the role of these organizations in the field of transparency and anti-corruption, they face disadvantages such as lack of budget, lack of programs, which are the solution of mass financing, development of a comprehensive local program in accordance with international standards, prioritizing legal funds. It is suggested on political aspects and self-transparency

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